From: Control of multi-joint arm movements for the manipulation of touch in keystroke by expert pianists
Pressed | Struck | ANOVA results | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | piano | forte | piano | forte | Touch F(1,6) | Loudness F(1,6) | Touch × Loudness F(1,6) |
Imp. of shoulder joint accel. (rad/s) | |||||||
elbow MUS | 0.279(0.221) | 0.604(0.376) | 0.067(0.196) | 0.176(0.331) | 31.4 ** | 12.7 * | 19.8 ** |
wrist MUS | 0.164(0.200) | 0.324(0.304) | 0.057(0.128) | 0.106(0.224) | 8.1 * | 7.1 * | 7.1 * |
finger MUS | -0.031(0.066) | -0.073(0.115) | 0.004(0.065) | 0.022(0.078) | 4.7 | 0.8 | 7.9 * |
Imp. of elbow joint accel. (rad/s) | |||||||
shoulder MUS | -0.173(0.115) | -0.015(0.156) | -0.497(0.326) | -0.579(0.403) | 9.7 * | 1.6 | 11.7 * |
finger MUS | -2.75(0.84) | -4.857(1.8) | -2.12(0.89) | -3.78(1.61) | 25.8 ** | 34.3 ** | 1.7 |
Imp. of wrist joint accel. (rad/s) | |||||||
shoulder MUS | -0.087(0.177) | -0.043(0.089) | -0.163(0.442) | -0.193(0.446) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 5.7 |
elbow MUS | 8.03(5.15) | 15.81(8.89) | 1.64(4.80) | 3.95(8.63) | 44.8 ** | 10.5 * | 23.9 ** |
Imp. of finger joint accel. (rad/s) | |||||||
shoulder MUS | -0.085(0.223) | -0.140(0.398) | -0.016(0.414) | -0.073(0.401) | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.0 |
elbow MUS | -5.87(2.35) | -11.61(4.81) | -0.17(4.53) | -1.92(6.34) | 23.9 ** | 13.2 ** | 16.3 ** |