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Table 1 Key Synaptic Phenotypes in Mouse Models of Diseased Cognition

From: Imbalanced pattern completion vs. separation in cognitive disease: network simulations of synaptic pathologies predict a personalized therapeutics strategy

Disease Model

LTP

LTD

Inhibition

Connectivity

Neurodevelopmental

Angelman synd.

Decreased [40, 46]

  

Decreased [47]

   Ube3A KO

    

Down synd.

Decreased [48–50]

Increased [51]

Increased [24, 49]

Decreased/Increased* [24, 52, 53]

   Trisomy

    

Fragile × synd.

Decreased/Increased [54–56]

Increased [57]

Decreased [58–60]

Decreased/Increased* [25, 27, 28]

   Fmr1 KO

    

FRAXE synd.

Increased [61]

   

   Fmr2 KO

    

Neurofibromat.

Decreased [62–64]

 

Increased [62, 63]

 

   Nf1 het

    

Rett synd.

Decreased [65, 66]

Decreased [65]

Increased [67]

Decreased [68, 69]

   Mecp2 KO

    

Tuberous Scler.

Decreased [70]

Decreased [70]

 

Decreased [71, 72]

   Tsc1 KO

    

   Tsc2 KO (rat)

    

Various XLMR

Decreased [73, 74]

Decreased [75]

  

   Ophn1 KO

    

   Pak3 KO

    

   Gdi1 KO

    

Neuropsychiatric

Schizophrenia

Decreased [76, 77]

Decreased [78]

Decreased [78]

Decreased [76, 79–81]

   Disc1 mut

    

   Reelin het

    

   22q11 del

    

Neurodegenerative

ALS

Increased [82]

  

Decreased [83]

   Sod1 mut

    

Alzheimer's

Decreased [30, 32, 84–86]

 

Increased [30, 32]

Decreased/Increased* [26, 84, 87–89]

   App mut

    

   Ps1/Ps2 KO

    

   App/Ps1 mut

    

Huntington's

Decreased [38, 90, 91]

Decreased/Increased [92, 93]

  

   Htt mut

    

Parkinson's.

Decreased/Increased [94, 95]

Decreased [94]

  

   Dj-1 KO

    

   Parkin KO

    

SCA

Decreased [96, 97]

  

Decreased [98]

   Sca1 mut

    

   Fgf14 KO

    
  1. The first column lists neurological conditions associated with impaired cognition, along with corresponding diseased-linked mutations that have been modeled in mice. The remaining columns list reported alterations to LTP, LTD, synaptic inhibition, and connectivity in each group of mouse models. Asterisks indicate reports of increased connectivity that are accompanied by concomitant decreases in connectivity in different neuronal subpopulations. As well as direct physiological measurement of synaptic connectivity, indirect findings of altered dendritic spine density or axonal projections were considered indications of altered connectivity. While the connections within CA3 are the primary focus of our simulations, studies of synapses throughout the hippocampus are listed to allow a comprehensive comparison of existing data. When no hippocampal data was available, studies of other cortical neuron populations were included.
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BMC Neuroscience

ISSN: 1471-2202

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