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Figure 5 | BMC Neuroscience

Figure 5

From: Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract inhibits glutamate-induced cell death through inhibition of calcium signals and nitric oxide formation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons

Figure 5

Effects of GSPE on DHPG- or caffeine-induced [Ca2+] i response. Reproducible [Ca2+]i increase was induced by treatment for 1 min with DHPG (100 μM) at 30-min intervals (DHPG, n = 31). Pretreatment with GSPE (6 μg/ml) for 5 min decreased the DHPG-induced response (+ GSPE, n = 29). Reproducible caffeine-induced [Ca2+]i increase was induced by treatment for 2 min with DHPG (100 μM) at 10-min intervals (caffeine, n = 14). However, GSPE did not affect caffeine-induced [Ca2+]i increase (+ GSPE, n = 9). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 relative to DHPG (unpaired Student's t-test).

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BMC Neuroscience

ISSN: 1471-2202

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