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Table 2 Sociodemographic, handedness, intelligence, and affectivity data of patients (N = 30) and controls (N = 35), and clinical data for patients; mean ± SD (range); p: significance of two sample t-test (or chi-square test) comparing patients and controls

From: Automatic amygdala response to facial expression in schizophrenia: initial hyperresponsivity followed by hyporesponsivity

 

Patients

Controls

p

Age

30.9 ± 7.6 (18–51)

29.6 ± 8.4 (19–49)

0.515

Education years

13.3 ± 2.4 (9–18)

14.6 ± 2.4 (9–18)

0.041*

Parental education years1

14.6 ± 2.8 (10–18)

14.9 ± 2.7 (11–18)

0.74

Sex (m/f)

17/13

23/12

0.61

Handedness (right/left)

29/1

33/2

1.000

Verbal intelligence2

108.1 ± 14.2 (88–136)

112.5 ± 11.9 (95–136)

0.17

BDI

12.5 ± 7.2 (0–28)

2.1 ± 2.8 (0–10)

<0.001*

STAI-T

47.4 ± 9.0 (25–71)

29.9 ± 6.5 (22–45)

<0.001*

SANS3 – flat affect

2.2 ± 1.2 (0–5)

SANS – alogia

1.8 ± 1.0 (0–4)

SANS – apathy

2.1 ± 0.6 (1–3)

SANS – anhedonia

2.0 ± 1.0 (0–4)

SANS – attention

1.9 ± 0.7 (0–3)

SAPS – hallucinations

0.3 ± 0.5 (0–2)

SAPS – delusions

1.2 ± 0.8 (0–3)

SAPS – bizarre behavior

0.7 ± 0.8 (0–2)

SAPS – formal thought disorders

1.8 ± 1.1 (0–4)

Years of illness

6.7 ± 5.7 (0.5-19.0)

  1. 1Years of education of the parent with the highest degree. Data missing for two patients.
  2. 2Assessed with the Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz-Intelligenztest (MWT-B [33]).
  3. 3All SANS and SAPS scores represent global ratings of the symptom.
  4. *p < .05 (two-tailed).