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Cross-cultural differences in visual attention: a computational modelling study

Literature in visual perception has identified that there are cross-cultural differences in visual perception [1]. Research comparing members of interdepended and collectivist East Asian cultures with independent and individualist European American cultures into picture perception showed that East Asians are more likely to attend the perceptual field as a whole and to focus on context and Westerns to focus on the salient foreground objects [1]. Research on cross-cultural differences has focused on investigating cross-cultural differences related to bottom-up information. Furthermore, research that experimentally manipulated the cultural norms of individualism and collectivism groups managed to attenuate cultural-specific preferences for social factors beneficial in human motivation [2]. Investigating the underlying mechanisms involved in these differences is very important as it can affect everyday tasks, advertisement and many other aspects of our everyday life.

Here we present the first steps of this work, investigating the underlying processes in cross-cultural differences using computational modelling studies. The computational model is based on the spiking Search over Space and Time (sSoTS) model [3], that has been used to simulate Visual Attention task. sSoTS has incorporated mechanisms that allows us to investigate both bottom-up and top-down processes. We show that sSoTS can successfully simulate cross-cultural differences in Visual attention involving bottom-up tasks. Moreover, we expand the studies by making predictions from the computational modelling studies for cross-cultural differences and top-down tasks.

References

  1. Miyamoto Y, Nisbett RE, Masuda T: Culture and the physical environment - Holistic versus analytic perceptual affordances. Psychological Science. 2006, 17 (2): 113-119.

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  2. Hagger MS, Rentzelas P, Chatzisarantis NLD: Effects of individualist and collectivist group norms and choice on intrinsic motivation. Motivation and Emotion. 2014, 38 (2): 215-223.

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  3. Mavritsaki E, et al: Bridging the Gap Between Physiology and Behavior: Evidence From the sSoTS Model of Human Visual Attention. Psychological Review. 2011, 118 (1): 3-41.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the use of the Advanced Research Computing (ARC) in carrying out this work.

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Correspondence to Eirini Mavritsaki.

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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Mavritsaki, E., Rentzelas, P. Cross-cultural differences in visual attention: a computational modelling study. BMC Neurosci 16 (Suppl 1), P204 (2015). https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.1186/1471-2202-16-S1-P204

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  • DOI: https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.1186/1471-2202-16-S1-P204

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