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Table 5 Efficacy of select estrogens within CEE to reduce LDH release and sustain MTT reduction following exposure to excitotoxic glutamate in basal forebrain neurons. Neuronal cultures were pretreated with indicated estrogens for 4 days followed by a 5 min exposure to 200 μM glutamate. The culture medium was replaced and cultures were allowed to incubate for an additional 24 hr followed by determination of LDH release into the medium and MTT reduction. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 17 – 33 from 3 experiments). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 compared to glutamate alone-treated cultures.

From: Select estrogens within the complex formulation of conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin®) are protective against neurodegenerative insults: implications for a composition of estrogen therapy to promote neuronal function and prevent Alzheimer's disease

Treatment (pg/ml)

LDH Release (% of glutamate alone group)

MTT Reduction (% of glutamate alone group)

Control

41.59 ± 2.85***

194.49 ± 3.52***

Glutamate alone

100.00 ± 1.25

100.00 ± 1.51

17α-estradiol (10)

83.03 ± 1.91**

98.06 ± 1.39

17β-estradiol (10)

92.29 ± 1.91**

98.81 ± 1.93

Equilin (1000)

86.37 ± 2.19**

105.76 ± 3.36

Equilenin (300)

88.00 ± 2.55**

103.62 ± 1.86

17α-dihydroequilin (1000)

90.68 ± 2.21**

102.22 ± 2.25

17α-dihydroequilenin (27)

84.74 ± 3.02**

91.10 ± 5.63

17β-dihydroequilenin (27)

90.87 ± 2.99*

113.17 ± 3.65

Δ8,9-dehydroestrone (300)

86.69 ± 2.20**

102.88 ± 2.71