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Table 2 Statistical comparison between the descriptive parameters of the mech curves of the hand and foot.

From: Synchrony of hand-foot coupled movements: is it attained by mutual feedback entrainment or by independent linkage of each limb to a common rhythm generator?

 

segment

coupled with

f r (Hz)

γ (s-1)

R 2

comparison

isodirectional association

hand unloaded

alone

2.542 ± 0.048

6.882 ± 0.623

0.874

 
  

foot unloaded

2.496 ± 0.054

7.305 ± 0.716

0.856

F(4,264) = 0.25

  

foot loaded

2.517 ± 0.064

7.060 ± 0.838

0.815

p = 0.91

 

foot unloaded

alone

3.272 ± 0.124

12.510 ± 1.701

0.830

 
  

hand unloaded

3.320 ± 0.118

12.650 ± 1.594

0.855

F(4,264) = 0.24

  

hand loaded

3.193 ± 0.118

11.000 ± 1.561

0.810

p = 0.92

 

hand loaded

alone

1.314 ± 0.041

3.332 ± 0.340

0.872

F(2,176) = 0.40

  

foot unloaded

1.279 ± 0.044

2.937 ± 0.346

0.845

p = 0.67

 

foot loaded

alone

1.464 ± 0.045

2.549 ± 0.344

0.851

F(2,176) = 0.22

  

hand unloaded

1.480 ± 0.044

2.852 ± 0.342

0.864

p = 0.80

antidirectional association

hand unloaded

alone

2.206 ± 0.168

4.023 ± 1.322

0.500

 
  

foot unloaded

2.630 ± 0.370

6.977 ± 2.975

0.489

F(4,174) = 0.74

  

foot loaded

2.638 ± 0.487

8.298 ± 4.485

0.404

p = 0.56

 

foot unloaded

alone

5.113 ± 3.396

47.72 ± 67.82

0.550

 
  

hand unloaded

5.648 ± 5.649

50.68 ± 107.4

0.458

F(4,174) = 0.55

  

hand loaded

3.449 ± 1.363

18.03 ± 16.99

0.343

p = 0.70

 

hand loaded

alone

1.213 ± 0.046

3.635 ± 0.506

0.766

F(2,116) = 1.43

  

foot unloaded

1.138 ± 0.040

2.687 ± 0.379

0.799

p = 0.24

 

foot loaded

alone

1.441 ± 0.065

4.876 ± 0.828

0.691

F(2,116) = 0.12

  

hand unloaded

1.407 ± 0.058

4.396 ± 0.689

0.719

p = 0.89

  1. Comparison was drawn trough the extra sum-of-squares F test on f r (resonance frequency) and γ (damping coefficient). Direction of movement association is indicated in col.1, moving segment in col. 2, coupling modality in col. 3. Col. 4 and 5: mean values ± SE of f r and γ . Col. 6: coefficient of correlation R2 with the pendulum equation. Col. 7: F and p values of the comparisons.