Fig. 2

Reversal of induced amnestic deficits by multiple agents in STPA. a Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 5–10) treated with vehicle or NMZ (1 mg/kg, single dose i.p.; or 20 mg/kg/day, oral drinking water) after being administered with diverse amnestic agents were tested for their latency to enter the dark side of the STPA apparatus at 24 h after training. NMZ reversed memory deficits induced by scopolamine (1 mg/kg), MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg), diazepam (0.5 mg/kg), and L-NAME (50 mg/kg). b Male C57BL/6 mice with scopolamine-induced deficits treated with NMZ showed reversal of latency to enter the dark side of the chamber 24 and 48 h after training. Statistical significance is indicated by ***p < 0.001 compared with the respective saline control for each time point, using unpaired t test. c In scopolamine induced deficits, NMZ demonstrated reversal of cognitive deficits when administered i.p. between 40 min prior to training (−40 min) and 90 min after training (+90 min); but no significant effect was observed when administered 60 or 120 prior to training. Data show mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is indicated by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared with the respective saline control for each treatment, using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test