Fig. 7
From: Neurovascular dysfunction in vascular dementia, Alzheimer’s and atherosclerosis
PCSK9 mechanisms. LDL low-density lipoprotein, LDL-C cholesterol, LDLR low-density lipoprotein receptor, PCSK9 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, HC hypercholesterolemia, g.o.f. gain of function, FADHC familial autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. a (Left)—physiological homeostatic regulation of LDL-C by LDLR. a (Right)—physiological homeostatic regulation of LDLR by PCSK9 (which may lead to HC). b Genetic mutant (g.o.f.) variant of PCSK9 causing FADHC. c PCSK9 inhibitor mechanism to reduce LDL-C levels in patients with HC