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Fig. 6 | BMC Neuroscience

Fig. 6

From: Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuronal injuries by ouabain: the regulation of Na, K-ATPase; Src; and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

Fig. 6

Ouabain increased intracellular Ca+ as early as 15 min after addition, and the effect lasted for up to 60 min, which was negatively regulated by PBM (a). Ouabain caused a marked decrease in orange to red fluorescence of TMRE, indicating a significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and damage to the cells (b). The results are expressed as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001

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BMC Neuroscience

ISSN: 1471-2202

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