Cortical hemodynamics as a function of handgrip strength and cognitive performance: a cross-sectional fNIRS study in younger adults

Herold, Fabian; Behrendt, Tom; Törpel, Alexander; Hamacher, Dennis; Müller, Notger G.; Schega, Lutz

doi:10.1186/s12868-021-00615-6

Table 3 Overview of the regional cortical changes in the concentrations of deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyHb) measured during the Sternberg task (ST) and their correlations with measures of handgrip strength and cognitive performance

From: Cortical hemodynamics as a function of handgrip strength and cognitive performance: a cross-sectional fNIRS study in younger adults

Channels	Median ± IQR	Non-parametric partial correlations
Channels	DeoxyHb (µmol/L)	AHS (left/right)	NHS (left/right)	Reaction time in ST/correct answers in ST
1 (rt. DLPFC; BA9)	0.001 ± 0.005	r_p (35) = − 0.197; p = 0.243/r_p (35) = − 0.182; p = 0.280	r_p (35) = − 0.232; p = 0.167/r_p (35) = − 0.245; p = 0.144	r_p (35) = 0.198; p = 0.240/r_p (35) = − 0.276; p = 0.099
2 (rt. Broca; BA 45)	0.000 ± 0.015	r_p (35) = − 0.299; p = 0.072/r_p (35) = − 0.180; p = 0.286	r_p (35) = − 0.204; p = 0.225/r_p (35) = − 0.133; p = 0.434	r_p (35) = 0.343; p = 0.038/r_p (35) = − 0.142; p = 0.401
3 (rt. Broca; BA 45)	− 0.002 ± 0.011	r_s (34) = − 0.071; p = 0.680/r_p (34) = − 0.203; p = 0.234	r_p (34) = − 0.088; p = 0.609/r_p (34) = − 0.227; p = 0.183	r_p (34) = 0.262; p = 0.122/r_p (35) = − 0.199; p = 0.245
4 (rt. FPA; BA 10)	0.000 ± 0.023	r_p (35) = − 0.301; p = 0.070/r_p (35) = − 0.191; p = 0.258	r_p (35) = − 0.294; p = 0.077/r_p (35) = − 0.224; p = 0.182	r_p (34) = 0.172; p = 0.307/r_p (35) = − 0.095; p = 0.574
5 (rt. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.000 ± 0.015	r_p (32) = − 0.442; p = 0.009/r_p (32) = − 0.385; p = 0.025	r_p (32) = − 0.454; p = 0.007/r_p (32) = − 0.390; p = 0.023	r_p (32) = 0.441; p = 0.009/r_p (32) = − 0.236; p = 0.179
6 (rt. DLPFC; BA 46)	− 0.006 ± 0.019	r_p (34) = − 0.040; p = 0.818/r_p (34) = − 0.112; p = 0.514	r_p (34) = 0.005; p = 0.977/r_p (34) = − 0.088; p = 0.610	r_p (34) = 0.459; p = 0.005/r_p (34) = − 0.275; p = 0.105
7 (rt. FPA; BA 10)	0.003 ± 0.012	r_p (34) = − 0.379; p = 0.023/r_p (34) = − 0.420; p = 0.011	r_p (34) = − 0.339; p = 0.043/r_p (34) = − 0.368; p = 0.027	r_p (34) = 0.306; p = 0.070/r_p (34) = − 0.177; p = 0.300
8 (rt. FPA; BA 10)	0.002 ± 0.013	r_p (35) = − 0.363; p = 0.027/r_p (35) = − 0.429; p = 0.008	r_p (35) = − 0.347; p = 0.035/r_p (35) = − 0.434; p = 0.007	r_p (35) = 0.150; p = 0.376/r_p (35) = − 0.113; p = 0.504
9 (rt. FPA; BA 10)	0.002 ± 0.014	r_p (35) = − 0.200; p = 0.234/r_p (35) = − 0.199; p = 0.239	r_p (35) = − 0.252; p = 0.133/r_p (35) = − 0.218; p = 0.194	r_p (35) = 0.244; p = 0.145/r_p (35) = − 0.113; p = 0.507
10 (md. FPA; BA 10)	0.001 ± 0.009	r_p (35) = − 0.340; p = 0.039/r_p (35) = − 0.306; p = 0.066	r_p (35) = − 0.213; p = 0.205/r_p (35) = − 0.188 p = 0.265	r_p (35) = 0.031; p = 0.856/r_p (35) = 0.047; p = 0.781
11 (lt. FPA; BA 10)	0.002 ± 0.012	r_p (35) = − 0.194; p = 0.251/r_p (35) = − 0.132; p = 0.437	r_p (35) = − 0.072; p = 0.670/r_p (35) = − 0.021; p = 0.904	r_p (35) = 0.164; p = 0.331/r_p (35) = − 0.085; p = 0.618
12 (lt. FPA; BA 10)	0.002 ± 0.010	r_p (35) = − 0.390; p = 0.017/r_p (35) = − 0.264; p = 0.115	r_p (35) = − 0.263; p = 0.116/r_p (35) = − 0.131; p = 0.438	r_p (35) = 0.147; p = 0.385/r_p (35) = 0.048; p = 0.776
13 (lt. FPA; BA 10)	0.002 ± 0.011	r_p (34) = − 0.436; p = 0.008/r_p (34) = − 0.326; p = 0.052	r_p (34) = − 0.396; p = 0.017/r_p (34) = − 0.252; p = 0.137	r_p (34) = − 0.163; p = 0.341/r_p (34) = 0.018; p = 0.916
14 (lt. DLPFC; BA 46)	− 0.003 ± 0.025	r_p (34) = − 0.263; p = 0.122/r_p (34) = − 0.270; p = 0.112	r_p (34) = − 0.240; p = 0.159/r_p (34) = − 0.312; p = 0.064	r_p (34) = 0.101; p = 0.557/r_p (34) = − 0.338; p = 0.043
15 (lt. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.002 ± 0.017	r_p (32) = − 0.409; p = 0.016/r_p (32) = − 0.326; p = 0.060	r_p (32) = − 0.493; p = 0.003/r_p (32) = − 0.411; p = 0.016	r_p (32) = 0.127; p = 0.474/r_p (32) = − 0.027; p = 0.879
16 (lt. FPA; BA 10)	0.001 ± 0.021	r_p (35) = − 0.206; p = 0.222/r_p (35) = − 0.207; p = 0.219	r_p (35) = − 0.097; p = 0.570/r_p (35) = − 0.073; p = 0.667	r_p (35) = − 0.027; p = 0.872/r_p (35) = 0.003; p = 0.986
17 (lt. Broca; BA 45)	− 0.003 ± 0.017	r_p (35) = − 0.151; p = 0.373/r_p (35) = − 0.210; p = 0.213	r_p (35) = − 0.188; p = 0.264/r_p (35) = − 0.244; p = 0.145	r_p (35) = 0.020; p = 0.905/r_p (35) = − 0.021; p = 0.901
18 (lt. Broca; BA 45)	0.002 ± 0.009	r_p (35) = 0.281; p = 0.092/r_p (35) = 0.296; p = 0.075	r_p (35) = 0.293; p = 0.078/r_p (35) = 0.263; p = 0.116	r_p (35) = − 0.055; p = 0.746/r_p (35) = − 0.130; p = 0.445
19 (lt. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.001 ± 0.008	r_p (34) = − 0.123; p = 0.474/r_p (34) = − 0.181; p = 0.291	r_p (34) = − 0.080; p = 0.645/r_p (34) = − 0.168; p = 0.327	r_p (34) = − 0.154; p = 0.371/r_p (34) = 0.067; p = 0.698
20 (rt. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.000 ± 0.011	r_p (35) = − 0.226; p = 0.179/r_p (35) = − 0.277; p = 0.097	r_p (35) = − 0.185; p = 0.272/r_p (35) = − 0.328; p = 0.048	r_p (35) = − 0.053; p = 0.756/r_p (35) = − 0.022; p = 0.898
21 (md. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.003 ± 0.010	r_p (34) = − 0.276; p = 0.103/r_p (34) = − 0.230; p = 0.178	r_p (34) = − 0.315; p = 0.061/r_p (34) = − 0.325; p = 0.053	r_p (34) = − 0.029; p = 0.869/r_p (34) = − 0.113; p = 0.511
22 (lt. DLPFC; BA 9)	0.002 ± 0.009	r_p (35) = − 0.155; p = 0.359/r_p (35) = − 0.085; p = 0.618	r_p (35) = − 0.144; p = 0.395/r_p (35) = − 0.103; p = 0.545	r_p (35) = − 0.073; p = 0.666/r_p (35) = 0.003; p = 0.984

On the left hand of the table, median ± interquartile range (IQR) of concentrations of deoxyHb are displayed. On the right hand of the table, non-parametric partial correlations (controlled for age and gender) between deoxyHb and absolute handgrip strength (AHS), normalized handgrip strength (NHS), reaction time and percentage of correct answers in the ST are shown. Significant correlations are presented in italic
BA broadman area, DLPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, FPA frontopolar area, lt. left, md. middle, r_p partial correlation controlling for the influence of age and gender, rt. right, ST Sternberg task

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