| IC training group (N = 20) | Active control group (N = 19) | Passive control group (N = 20) | F value/Chi2 value | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 21.9 (2.0) | 22.4 (2.1) | 22.6 (2.5) | 0.46 | 0.634 |
Sex | 12 females | 10 females | 13 females | 0.70 | 0.706 |
Age of L2 acquisition (AOA) | 10.1 (2.4) | 8.5 (2.6) | 9.4 (2.5) | 1.80 | 0.175 |
L1 self-rating score | 8.2 (1.2) | 8.4 (1.2) | 8.4 (1.1) | Â | Â |
L2 self-rating score | 5.3 (1.4) | 5.3 (1.1) | 5.9 (1.2) | Â | Â |
CET-4 score | 516 (52.1) | 525 (54.8) | 507 (55.0) | 0.51 | 0.604 |
Fluid intelligence | 56.5 (3.5) | 56.5 (3.7) | 55.1 (3.7) | 1.09 | 0.344 |