Stressor controllability modulates the stress response in fish

BMC Neuroscience

Table 1 Linear Mixed Model main effects of the behavioral, physiological and of IEGs mRNA responses expressed between experimental conditions (i.e. CTR = stressor controllability; UnCTR = stressor uncontrollability and CTRUn = loss of stressor controllability)

Behaviors	df	Time freezing		Escape events		Shoal cohesion		Exploratory behavior		Cortisol
		F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
	2.15	17.55	< 0.001	2.88	0.087	3.74	0.048	13.9	< 0.001	45.1	< 0.001

Seabass nuclei		Dm		Dld		Dlv		Vv
IEGs		F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
egr-1	2.4	1.07	0.425	1.66	0.297	2.53	0.194	2.66	0.184
c-fos	2.4	0.93	0.465	2.00	0.250	4.653	0.090	0.157	0.859
Bdnf	2.4	1.41	0.344	2.56	0.192	3.74	0.121	6.03	0.062
npas4	2.4	0.93	0.464	2.16	0.230	6.92	0.050*	0.43	0.675

Time in freezing, frequency of escape events, shoal cohesion, and exploratory behavior expressed during the test session and cortisol levels and immediate early gene (IEGs) mRNA expression measured 30 min after the test session. IEGs mRNA from each of the candidate brain nuclei in seabass (i.e. Dm, Dld, Dlv and Vv) are indicated. Significant differences are expressed with * (p < 0.05)

ISSN: 1471-2202