Figure 3

Confirmed changes in NAc gene expression. Nine changes in gene expression were confirmed in the NAc with qPCR analysis in this study. (A) Eight of the changes have the profile of changing in expression during abstinence (either at 10 or 100-days of abstinence). These genes are beta-catenin (increased by 32% at 10-days; p < 0.001), adenylate cyclase-associated protein 2 (Cap2; increased by 206% at 10-days; p < 0.001), cysteine-rich protein 2 (Crip2; increased 17% at 10-days; p < 0.05), dynamin 2 (Dnm2; increased 167% at 10-days; p < 0.001), early growth response 2 (Egr2; decreased by 55% at 100-days; p < 0.05), fucosyltransferase 8 (Fut8; increased 25% at 10-days; p < 0.01), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; increased 87% at 10-days; p < 0.05), and G-protein coupled receptor 88 (Gpr88; increased 277% at 10-days; p < 0.01). (B) 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1d (Htrd1) is decreased by 28% at 1-day (p < 0.001) and by 20% at 10-days of abstinence (p < 0.01). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc testing; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, #p < 0.001.